Ratio Type Estimator of Ratio of Two Population Means in Stratified Random Sampling

A ratio estimator is proposed for the ratio of two population means using auxiliary information in stratified random sampling. Bias and mean squared error expressions are obtained under large sample approximation, and the proposed estimator is compared both theoretically and empirically with the conventional estimator of ratio for two population means in stratified random sampling

INTERNET OF THING BASED CAR PARKING SYSTEM

In the current era, we are facing a new problem of parking of vehicles. It is a major problem in urban cities. The problem is more tough because of continues growing number of vehicle and also size of vehicles. Car parking is not just a major problem in India but also in all over the world. We know that one million vehicles burn oil every day. In this paper, we propose an automatic and real-time system for automated car parking. This system would be implemented by the use of internet of things (IOTs). IOT refers as any physical thing that is connected to internet or exchanging information or data between internet and physical device. Arduino Uno is a microcontroller used in IOT. It is used for building digital devices, and interactive objects that can sense and control physical devices. Our smart parking will be implementing using Arduino Uno board for car parking and Ethernet shield to connect parking area with web or internet. By using our automated parking system, a user can save much time for searching free parking space. An infrared sensor has to be employed in each slot to check that a particular plot is vacant or not. Searching smart parking system helps people to search parking space accessible with the ease of IOT automation by supplying parking slot free information. The user can book in advance the parking slot and update the information to the server. Every user has a unique id and password. In case a car in stolen and enter the parking IOT the server checks the database and inform the police.Â

COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES FOR THE PREDICTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL PEPTIDES FROM OCIMUM TENUIFLORUM.

 Objective: In this study, antimicrobial activity was predicted against novel antimicrobial target 1SDE receptor to understand the structural feature of predicted peptides using machine learning approach from Ocimum tenuiflorum. Methods: Protein sequences from O. tenuiflorum were digested using peptide cutter and further processed for the prediction of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) through AMP predictor tool of CAMP which have multidimensional algorithms such as support vector machine, artificial neural network, random forest, and discriminant analysis. After analyzing various peptides, only four peptides were predicted as antimicrobial in nature. Furthermore, the three-dimensional structure of different potential peptides was generated with the help of Pepfold-3.0 server followed by protein-peptide docking studies with novel target receptor with the help of PatchDock, FireDock webserver, and Hex 8.0 software. Interactions were further visualized using Discovery Studio Client 2.5 software tool.Results: This study revealed that peptide 2 resulted higher score in PatchDock and FireDock and also Hex 8.0 provides E total value of −430.18 which is higher than that of peptide 1 with −381.07, peptide 3 with −416.86, and peptide 4 with −407.94.Conclusion: The peptide predicted in this study has potential to act as effective AMP against target receptor and also utilize other antimicrobial target

Structural, Electronic and Elastic Properties of TMAl (TM=Co, Ni and Ru) Intermetallics: An ab-initio Study

The structural, electronic, elastic, mechanical and thermal properties of transition metal aluminides (CoAl, NiAl and RuAl) have been investigated systematically using first principle density functional theory (DFT). Ground state properties such as lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B) and its pressure derivative (B?) are calculated which show well agreement with the experimental and other theoretical results. The electronic properties have been analyzed quantitatively. The values of elastic constants are also reported. The ductility of these compounds has been analyzed using the Pugh’s rule, Cauchy’s pressure (C12-C44) and electronic structure.  Our calculated results indicate that NiAl is ductile while CoAl and RuAl are brittle. The elastic properties such as Young's modulus (E), Poisson's ratio (?) and anisotropic ratio (A) are also reported. We have also correlated the ductility and bonding behaviour of these compounds. Keywords: Density functional theory; intermetallic compounds; electronic properties; ductility; thermal properties

Ab-initio Study of Structural, Electronic and Elastic Properties of ErCu

First principles density functional calculations were performed to study the structural, electronic, elastic and mechanical properties of erbium copper intermetallic compound (ErCu). The calculations are carried out within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the exchange and correlation potential. The total energy as a function of volume is obtained by performing spin-polarized calculation. Magnetically the ErCu compound is stable in ferromagnetic (FM) state and its crystal structure is CsCl-type. Ground state properties such as lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B), its pressure derivative (B?) and magnetic moment (?B) are calculated. The density of states at the Fermi level, N(EF) and specific heat coefficient are also estimated in majority and minority spin channels. The electronic properties such as band structure and density of states (DOS) reveal that no band gap lead to metallic character of ErCu. The elastic constants (C11, C12 and C44) and mechanical properties such as Poisson’s ratio (? ), Young’s modulus (E), shear modulus (GH), anisotropic factor (A) are also calculated .  Ductility for these compounds is further analyzed by calculating  the ratio of (B/GH )  and Cauchy pressure (C12 - C44). Keywords: Density functional theory, Band structure, Density of states, Lattice constant, Bulk Modulus, Specific heat

Structural, Electronic, Thermal and Elastic Properties of Ductile PdSc and PtSc Intermetallic Compounds

The ab-initio calculations were performed to investigate structural, electronic, thermal and elastic properties of the binary ductile intermetallic compounds PdSc and PtSc with B2 (CsCl-type) structure using full potential linear augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW) on the basis of density functional theory (DFT).The generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA and WC-GGA) is applied for PdSc and PtSc. The calculated equilibrium properties such as lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B) and its first derivative (B') are in better agreement with experimental and theoretical results. The elastic constants (C11, C12 and C44) of these compounds are reported first time. The value of B/GH ratio for both the compounds are larger than 1.75, indicating the ductile manner of these materials. From density of states and Band structure, it is observed that these intermetallic compounds are metallic in nature. We report first time mechanical and thermal properties which are predicted from the calculated values of elastic constants. Keywords: Intermetallic compounds, Ab-initio calculations, Thermal properties, Mechanical properties, Density of states, Ductilit

First Principles Study of Structural, Electronic, Elastic and Mechanical Properties of GdSn3 and YbSn3 Intermetallic Compounds

First principles study of structural, electronic, elastic and mechanical properties of ferromagnetic GdSn3 and non-magnetic YbSn3 rare-earth intermetallics, which crystallize in AuCu3-type structure, is performed using density functional theory based on full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. The ground state calculations are carried out within PBE-GGA, PBE-sol GGA and LSDA approximations   for the exchange correlation potential. The calculated ground state properties such as lattice constants and bulk moduli agree well with the experiment as well as other theoretical results. We report elastic constants for these compounds for the first time. Both these compounds are found to be ductile in nature. The computed electronic band structures show metallic character. We also report mechanical properties of these compounds for the first time.    Keywords: Rare-earth; Density functional theory; Elastic constants

First Principles Study of Electronic, Elastic and Thermal Properties of B2-type RECd (RE =La, Ce and Pr) Compounds

The electronic, elastic and thermal properties of RECd (RE =La, Ce and Pr) intermetallic compounds crystallizing in B2-type structure have been studied using first principles density functional theory within generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the local spin density approximation (LSDA) for the exchange correlation potential. From energy band structure and density of states we found that these intermetallics are metallic in nature. The thermal and mechanical properties are predicted from the calculated values of elastic constants. The ductility of these compounds is determined by calculating the bulk to shear ratio B/GH. Our calculated results indicate that PrCd is most ductile amongst all the RECd compounds. To the best of our knowledge this is the first theoretical prediction of the elastic properties of these compounds. Keywords: Intermetallics, Density Functional Theory, Elastic Constant, Ductility

First Principles Study on Structural, Electronic, Elastic and Thermal Properties of Equiatomic MTi (M = Fe, Co, Ni)

We have investigated the structural, electronic, elastic and thermal properties of MTi (M = Fe, Co and Ni) using ab-initio full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and local spin density approximation (LSDA). We have calculated the ground state and electronic properties such as lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B), pressure derivative of bulk modulus (B') and density of states at Fermi level N(EF) which are in good agreement with experimental and available other theoretical results. The elastic constants (C11, C12 and C44) and mechanical properties such as Poisson’s ratio (? ), Young’s modulus (E), shear modulus (GH), anisotropic factor (A) are also calculated which are agree well with the experimental and other theoretical results. Ductility for these compounds have been analyzed by Pugh’s rule (B/GH ratio) and Cauchy pressure (C12 - C44). Our calculated results reveals that NiTi is most ductile amongst the MTi (M = Fe, Co and Ni) compounds.Keywords: Ab-initio, electronic properties, elastic properties, thermal properties

Effect of 3 Days of Oral Azithromycin on Young Children With Acute Diarrhea in Low-Resource Settings A Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance: World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines do not recommend routine antibiotic use for children with acute watery diarrhea. However, recent studies suggest that a significant proportion of such episodes have a bacterial cause and are associated with mortality and growth impairment, especially among children at high risk of diarrhea-associated mortality. Expanding antibiotic use among dehydrated or undernourished children may reduce diarrhea-associated mortality and improve growth. Objective: To determine whether the addition of azithromycin to standard case management of acute nonbloody watery diarrhea for children aged 2 to 23 months who are dehydrated or undernourished could reduce mortality and improve linear growth. Design, Setting, and Participants: The Antibiotics for Children with Diarrhea (ABCD) trial was a multicountry, randomized, double-blind, clinical trial among 8266 high-risk children aged 2 to 23 months presenting with acute nonbloody diarrhea. Participants were recruited between July 1, 2017, and July 10, 2019, from 36 outpatient hospital departments or community health centers in a mixture of urban and rural settings in Bangladesh, India, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Pakistan, and Tanzania. Each participant was followed up for 180 days. Primary analysis included all randomized participants by intention to treat. Interventions: Enrolled children were randomly assigned to receive either oral azithromycin, 10 mg/kg, or placebo once daily for 3 days in addition to standard WHO case management protocols for the management of acute watery diarrhea. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes included all-cause mortality up to 180 days after enrollment and linear growth faltering 90 days after enrollment. Results: A total of 8266 children (4463 boys [54.0%]; mean [SD] age, 11.6 [5.3] months) were randomized. A total of 20 of 4133 children in the azithromycin group (0.5%) and 28 of 4135 children in the placebo group (0.7%) died (relative risk, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.40-1.27). The mean (SD) change in length-for-age z scores 90 days after enrollment was -0.16 (0.59) in the azithromycin group and -0.19 (0.60) in the placebo group (risk difference, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.06). Overall mortality was much lower than anticipated, and the trial was stopped for futility at the prespecified interim analysis. Conclusions and Relevance: The study did not detect a survival benefit for children from the addition of azithromycin to standard WHO case management of acute watery diarrhea in low-resource settings. There was a small reduction in linear growth faltering in the azithromycin group, although the magnitude of this effect was not likely to be clinically significant. In low-resource settings, expansion of antibiotic use is not warranted. Adherence to current WHO case management protocols for watery diarrhea remains appropriate and should be encouraged. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03130114.publishedVersionPeer reviewe